Old quantum theory New quantum theory
Fizyka klasyczna - Mechanika klasyczna – prawa Newtona - Elektrodynamika – prawa Maxwella - Fizyka statystyczna -Hydrtodynamika -Astronomia
FALE JAKO CZĄSTKI
In 1905, Einstein had a very good year. Albert Einstein ( ) In 1905, Einstein explained Brownian motion and the photoelectric effect (for which he later won the Nobel prize). Einstein also explained Michelsons and Morleys experiment: he realized that light didnt need a medium and was a property of free space. And it traveled at the same velocity no matter what speed you were going. This is Special Relativity. Oh, and he graduated from grad school that year, too.
Efekt fotoelektryczny E = h - W - eV To learn more go to: 1888 Hertz 1905 Einstein
Promieniowanie atomów
Model Bohra tłumaczył atom wodoru.
Cząstki jako fale fale de Brogliea The figure shows a diffraction pattern of electron beams. Electron beams are diffracted by a crystal of manganese-nickel alloy. In this case, the de Broglie wavelength is < 0.01 Å which corresponds to a very high speed electron beam. p = mv = h/ = k
Fale mogą interferować!.
Double slit experiment
Interference experiments 1) Single electrons Demonstration of single-electron buildup of an interference pattern, A. Tonomura,....Amer. J. Phys., 57(1989)117 2) Neutrons Wave-optical experiments with very cold neutrons, R.Gähler, A.Zeilinger, Amer.J.Phys., 59(1991)316 3) Atoms Youngs double-slit experiments with atoms:A simple atom interferometry, O.Cornal, J.Mlynek, Phys.Rev.Lett.,66(1991)2689, 4) Molecules (C-70 molekuł) Arndt at al., Nature, 14 October 1999