Całkowite zaćmienie Słońca Janusz Gil 29 marca 2006 Grecja/Turcja - Castellorizo

Odległości do obiektów kosmicznych Predkość światła c=300 000 km/s około 1000 razy więcej niż prędkość dźwięku Odległość Ziemia-Księżyc 384 000 km lub 1.26 sekundy świetlnej Odleglość Ziemia-Słońce 150 000 000 km lub około 8 minut świetlnych 1 Jednostka Astronomiczna=1 JA (1AU) Odległość do najbliższej gwiazdy Alfa Proxima Centauri 4 lata świetlne Odległość do gwiazd Drogi Mlecznej 10 000 lat świetlnych Odległość do najblizszej galaktyki Andromeda 2 mln lat świetlnych Odleglość do najdalszej galaktyki 10 mld lat świetlnych

Szerokości kątowe na sferze niebieskiej Od horyzontu do horyzontu 180 stopni Szerokość kątowa Słońca i Księżyca około 0.5 stopnia Typowy przelot meteorytu („spadająca gwiazda”) około 30 stopni

Słońce Słońce

Plamy Plamy słoneczne

Księżyc Promień 1738 km (1/4) Masa 7.4 ×1022 kg (1/81) Gęstość 3,340 kg/m3 Prędkość ucieczki 2.38 km/s z Ziemi 11 km/s

Orbita Księżyca Dlugość półosi 0.384 ×106 km (0.00258 AU) Perihelion 0.356 ×106 km (0.00239 AU) Aphelion 0.407 ×106 km (0.00271 AU) Eksentryczność 0.0549 Nachylenie 5 degree Okres gwiazdowy 27.32 days

Galileo Far Side

Apollo 16

Apollo 11 Near Side

Apollo 11

Zaćmienie Rozmiary kątowe Księżyca i Słońca są przypadkowo prawie identyczne – około 0.5 stopnia E S M Słońca S E M Księżyca

E Zaćmienie Słońca S penumbra Pół-cień M umbra Pełny-cień penumbra

2004 Sep 26 Here is what the Earth looks like during a solar eclipse 2004 Sep 26 Here is what the Earth looks like during a solar eclipse. The shadow of the Moon can be seen darkening part of Earth. This shadow moved across the Earth at nearly 2000 kilometers per hour. Only observers near the center of the dark circle see a total solar eclipse - others see a partial eclipse where only part of the Sun appears blocked by the Moon. This spectacular picture of the 1999 August 11 solar eclipse was one of the last ever taken from the Mir space station, which was deorbited in a controlled re-entry in 2001.

Planetoida Ida i jej księżyc Daktyl

Zaćmienia Całkowite Częściowe Obrączkowe

Warunki zaćmienia Księżyc musi być w jednym z węzłów Orbita Księżyca nachylona 5 stopni do ekliptyki Rozmiary Księżyca tylko 0.5 stopnia S Księżyc musi być w jednym z węzłów Orbita Księżyca wokół Ziemi przecina ekliptykę – orbitę Ziemi wokół Słońca

Typy zaćmień Zaćmienie Słońca zachodzi gdy Księżyc blokuje światło słoneczne Zaćmienie Księżyca zachodzi gdy Ziemia blokuje światło słoneczne na Księżycu Moon passes through the shadow of the Earth – Moon eclipse Moon shades the shadow on the Earth- Solar eclipse

Zaćmienie całkowite

Zaćmienie obrączkowe

Kastellorizo 2006

2006

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2006

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2006

During a total solar eclipse, the Sun's extensive outer atmosphere or corona is an awesome and inspirational sight. The subtle shades and shimmering features of the corona that engage the eye span a brightness range of over 10,000 to 1, making them notoriously difficult to capture in a single picture. But this composite of 33 digital images ranging in exposure time from 1/8000 to 1/5 second comes very close to revealing the crown of the Sun in all its glory. The telescopic views were recorded from Side, Turkey during the March 29 solar eclipse, a geocentric celestial event that was widely seen under nearly ideal conditions. The composite also captures a pinkish prominence extending just beyond the upper edge of the eclipsed sun.

SOHO – obserwatorium satelirane 1.5 mln km od Słońca

How can gas float above the Sun How can gas float above the Sun? Twisted magnetic fields arching from the solar surface can trap ionized gas, suspending it in huge looping structures. These majestic plasma arches are seen as prominences above the solar limb. In September 1999, this dramatic and detailed image was recorded by the EIT experiment on board the space-based SOHO observatory in the light emitted by ionized Helium. It shows hot plasma escaping into space as a fiery prominence breaks free from magnetic confinement a hundred thousand kilometers above the Sun. These awesome events bear watching as they can affect communications and power systems over 100 million kilometers away on Planet Earth.

Zjawiska poza-astronomiczne Klimatyczne Botaniczne Zoologiczne

During the March 29 total solar eclipse, the Moon's dark central shadow or umbra is vanishing beyond the horizon in this dramatic view of the landscape a few kilometers southeast of Incesu, Anatolia, Turkey. The large, snow covered mountain in the distance is 3,250 meter high volcano Hasan Dag. The foreground is growing brighter as eclipse watchers are just beginning to see rays of sunlight peek around the lunar limb, while the mountains on the horizon, left of Hasan Dag, are still completely shadowed by the Moon. For the watchers along this part of the shadow track, the total phase of the eclipse lasted less than 4 minutes as the umbra raced over them at more than 3,000 kilometers per hour.

Parts of Saturday's (March 3) lunar eclipse will be widely visible Parts of Saturday's (March 3) lunar eclipse will be widely visible. For example, skywatchers in Europe, Africa, and western Asia will be able to see the entire spectacle of the Moon gliding through Earth's shadow, but in eastern North America the Moon will rise already in its total eclipse phase. Of course if you traveled to the Moon's near side, you could see the same event as a solar eclipse, with the disk of our fair planet Earth completely blocking out the Sun. For a moon-based observer's view, graphic artist Hana Gartstein (Haifa, Israel) offers this composite illustration. In the cropped version of her picture, an Apollo 17 image of Earth is surrounded with a red-tinted haze as sunlight streams through the planet's dusty atmosphere. Earth's night side remains faintly visible, still illuminated by the dark, reddened Moon, but the disk of the Earth would appear almost four times the size of the Sun's disk, so the faint corona surrounding the Sun would be largely obscured. At the upper left, the Sun itself is just emerging from behind the Earth's limb.